ADD A DOTTED LINE
One manager can create clarity. Two can create alignment.
Give the employee a solid-line manager, a dotted-line manager, a project lead and several stakeholders with authority to redirect the work. Avoid specifying which instruction wins when priorities conflict. Mature employees should be able to reconcile organizational complexity without escalating it.
Reconstructed Handbook series.
Unfortunately, the research…
Claim
Role conflict occurs when employees face incompatible expectations. Research links role conflict broadly with strain and work attitudes, while its direct relationship with task performance is smaller and more variable than the relationship observed for role ambiguity.
Evidence
Meta-analytic reviews of role stress show that role conflict is meaningfully related to several attitudinal and strain outcomes; later meta-analysis found only a small average relationship with job performance, underscoring that the main cost is not simply lower output.
Strength: Strong
Sources
- Jackson & Schuler (1985) — Role ambiguity and role conflict meta-analysis
- Tubré & Collins (2000) — Role conflict, ambiguity and performance meta-analysis
The Directive is satire. The research summary is not. Evidence is stated separately and qualified to the underlying literature rather than treated as proof of the joke.